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TAP 6 [CHA] Group Name Theobroma cacao

Chalmers, W.S. (1973)
Report on a visit to Ecuador, Peru, and Brasil, March 1st-April 15th 1973. Unpublished Report. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp. 31.

Derivation: river TAPiche.
Collected by Chalmers (INIAP/UWI).
Location: R. Tapiche, Peru.

(Chalmers, 1973 [CHA73A]) TAP 4 to TAP 15 were collected by children and there is no guarantee that they were collected from different trees. The Tapiche pods had five pairs of pronouced ridges, were very rugose with a very short constricted nipple-like point. The pod wall was generally fairly soft. The seeds were smallish and purple. Three of the trees had no Witches' broom.

Notes: Chalmers, 1973 [CHA73A] Collections made in 1973.

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Synonyms: TAPICHE 6 [CHA]

COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: R. Tapiche, Loreto, Peru (pasture)

Date: March 1973

Coordinates: 73.50 W, 5.00 S

Material collected: Budwood

Notes: Requena (Amoco Concession) Finca Bella Esperanza

Expedition Code: 73CH

Chalmers, W.S., 1973

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Mother to:: INIAP T 526 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel et al., 2017

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, Ignacio A Sotomayor-Cantos, T Casanova, G Rodríguez, L Plaza & Zambrano 2017
Selection of Cocoa Genotypes (Theobroma Cacao L) Resistant to Witches’ Broom Disease (Moniliophthora Perniciosa) in Los Ríos, Ecuador. Ciencia y Tecnología, 10: 17–26
Notes

Results from trials to identify and select cocoa clones having a low incidence of witches broom disease. Progenies were created in crossing schemes based on Upper Amazon x Upper Amazon (A), Nacional x Upper Amazon (B), National x National (C), and CCN 51 x Upper Amazon (D) and seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure. Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones TIP 1 and TAP 6 as controls (four repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. The following data were recorded at harvest (15 day intervals) between December 2007 and November 2013: Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and three groups were identified. Genotypes resulting from the Amazonian x Amazonian crossing: INIAPT 527, INIAPT 560 and INIAPT 526 were found to have the lower levels of Witches Broom disease with good productivity.; INIAP T 527 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel et al., 2017

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, Ignacio A Sotomayor-Cantos, T Casanova, G Rodríguez, L Plaza & Zambrano 2017
Selection of Cocoa Genotypes (Theobroma Cacao L) Resistant to Witches’ Broom Disease (Moniliophthora Perniciosa) in Los Ríos, Ecuador. Ciencia y Tecnología, 10: 17–26
Notes

Results from trials to identify and select cocoa clones having a low incidence of witches broom disease. Progenies were created in crossing schemes based on Upper Amazon x Upper Amazon (A), Nacional x Upper Amazon (B), National x National (C), and CCN 51 x Upper Amazon (D) and seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure. Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones TIP 1 and TAP 6 as controls (four repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. The following data were recorded at harvest (15 day intervals) between December 2007 and November 2013: Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and three groups were identified. Genotypes resulting from the Amazonian x Amazonian crossing: INIAPT 527, INIAPT 560 and INIAPT 526 were found to have the lower levels of Witches Broom disease with good productivity.; INIAP T 528 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel et al., 2017

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, Ignacio A Sotomayor-Cantos, T Casanova, G Rodríguez, L Plaza & Zambrano 2017
Selection of Cocoa Genotypes (Theobroma Cacao L) Resistant to Witches’ Broom Disease (Moniliophthora Perniciosa) in Los Ríos, Ecuador. Ciencia y Tecnología, 10: 17–26
Notes

Results from trials to identify and select cocoa clones having a low incidence of witches broom disease. Progenies were created in crossing schemes based on Upper Amazon x Upper Amazon (A), Nacional x Upper Amazon (B), National x National (C), and CCN 51 x Upper Amazon (D) and seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure. Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones TIP 1 and TAP 6 as controls (four repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. The following data were recorded at harvest (15 day intervals) between December 2007 and November 2013: Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and three groups were identified. Genotypes resulting from the Amazonian x Amazonian crossing: INIAPT 527, INIAPT 560 and INIAPT 526 were found to have the lower levels of Witches Broom disease with good productivity.; INIAP T 656 Freddy Amores et al., 2009

Reference

Freddy Amores, Geover Peña, Darío Calderón, Juan Agama, Carmen Suarez, Juan Motamayor, Raymond Schnell, James Quiroz, Gastón Loor & Omar Tarqui 2009
Research to Identify and Develop High Yielding Fine and Flavour Cocoa Clones in Ecuador. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Cocoa Research Conference, Bali, Indonesia (November 2009). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Yield Bean; INIAP T 527 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield; INIAP T 656 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield; SHRS-14 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-15 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-21 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-26 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-34 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador
Father to:: INIAP T 462 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield; INIAP T 487 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield; SHRS-11 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-18 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador; SHRS-20 Daymond, Andrew, 2021

Reference

Daymond, Andrew 2021
Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.
Notes

Excel spreadsheet with information on the synonyms and pedigree of the SHRS clones originating from INIAP, Ecuador

GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

Cornejo, O.E. et al., 2018

Reference

BioProject: PRJNA486011 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Project: PRJEB28591 EVA (project) EVA (analysis)

Library Source: Genomic

Run: SRR7774252 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Experiment: SRX4629572

BioSample: SAMN09934566

SampleName: TAP6_G12_A1

SampleSource: Ecuador

HELD IN

Ecuador, Estation Experimental Tropical Pichilingue: List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

EET - Pichilingue 2012
Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: TAP - 6

BEAN

Chalmers, W.S., 1970: Colour Dark Purple: Present; Note: expedition data; Reference

Reference

Chalmers, W.S. 1970
Data accumulated from Chalmers' Collection reports from expeditions to Ecuador between 1968-1973. Series of 7 unpublished Reports. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies. See other reference entries for details.
Notes

Oriente region of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil Datafile: CH70__DC ECU - Chalmers expedition, Field Data Germplasm: Details of accessions collected from the Oriente region of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Environment: Accessions were described as they were collected.

Disease Bean Fruit

FRUIT

Chalmers, W.S., 1970: Rugosity: intense; Note: expedition data; Reference

Reference

Chalmers, W.S. 1970
Data accumulated from Chalmers' Collection reports from expeditions to Ecuador between 1968-1973. Series of 7 unpublished Reports. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies. See other reference entries for details.
Notes

Oriente region of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil Datafile: CH70__DC ECU - Chalmers expedition, Field Data Germplasm: Details of accessions collected from the Oriente region of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Environment: Accessions were described as they were collected.

Disease Bean Fruit

REFERENCES

Chalmers, W.S. (1973) Report on a visit to Ecuador, Peru, and Brasil, March 1st-April 15th 1973. Unpublished Report. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp. 31.

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, Ignacio A Sotomayor-Cantos, T Casanova, G Rodríguez, L Plaza & Zambrano (2017) Selection of Cocoa Genotypes (Theobroma Cacao L) Resistant to Witches’ Broom Disease (Moniliophthora Perniciosa) in Los Ríos, Ecuador. Ciencia y Tecnología, 10: 17–26

Freddy Amores, Geover Peña, Darío Calderón, Juan Agama, Carmen Suarez, Juan Motamayor, Raymond Schnell, James Quiroz, Gastón Loor & Omar Tarqui (2009) Research to Identify and Develop High Yielding Fine and Flavour Cocoa Clones in Ecuador. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Cocoa Research Conference, Bali, Indonesia (November 2009). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel (2010) EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador

Daymond, Andrew (2021) Notes on SHRS clones in ICQC,R. Pers. Com.

Cornejo, O.E., Muh-Ching Yee, Victor Dominguez, Mary Andrews, Alexandra Sockell, Erika Strandberg, Donald Livingstone III, Conrad Stack, Alberto Romero, Pathmanathan Umaharan, Stefan Royaert, Nilesh R. Tawari, Pauline Ng, Osman Gutierrez, Wilbert Phillips, Keithanne Mockaitis, Carlos D. Bustamante & Juan C. Motamayor (2018) Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process. Commun Biol 1, 167

EET - Pichilingue (2012) Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.

Chalmers, W.S. (1970) Data accumulated from Chalmers' Collection reports from expeditions to Ecuador between 1968-1973. Series of 7 unpublished Reports. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies. See other reference entries for details.