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CC 54 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Costa Rica - CATIE (1981)
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.

Derivation: Cacao Center.
Collected by Paredes (& others).
Location: La Lola, Cacao Center, Costa Rica.

Notes: Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981 [ENG81A] Selections from various populations.

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NOTES

Bartley, 1995a [BAR95A]. Morera et al.,1991a [MOR91A] gives the fruit colour as green but the clone described in Engels, 1981a [ENG81A] has red fruits. The plant at Mayaguez has red fruits and appears to be a Criollo hybrid.

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Parents:: UF 667 x Unknown Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981

Reference

Costa Rica - CATIE 1981
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE__DS CRI - CATIE 1 IMAGE_DS PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptor information is presented for 294 clones, 8 related species and on one hybrid. In addition, limited information on a further 119 clones is given. This germplasm is mainly of Latin American origin, including the United Fruit clones, UF, and genotypes from Mexico and Brazil. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 10 trees planted in a single row. Spacing is usually 2m within the row and 3m between the rows, although parts of the collection are planted in a 2.2 x 2.2m grid. Fertilizer, N-P-K-Mg/Ca in the ratio 18:10:6:5, is applied four times a year at 150g per tree. Shade is provided in most of the collection by an almost complete closed cover of trees of Erythrina poepiggiana and Inga spp. spaced at 12 x 12m. Character data: Seed dry weight: sample is dried for 1.5 h at 130°C and cooled in a desiccator. Seed length, seed width, seed thickness: average of 5 seeds from 20 fruits. Fruit, wall thickness at ridge: fruits are transversally sectioned and the soft endocarp tissue removed. Fruit, ridge pair separation: mean ratio of the distance between ridges within a pair and the distances between the ridges of two different pairs. Leaf, flush colour: measured when leaves are 5cm long. Producitvity: values are given as: 1=very low - c. 40 pods harvested over 3 years; 3=low, 5=intermediate - c. 40 pods obtained from 3-4 harvests over 1 year; 7=high, 9=very high - c. 40 pods harvested at one time. Pod outline drawing for each accession.

Yield Bean Fruit Flush Flower

HELD IN

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Costa Rica, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE): List received in 2018 Reference

Reference

Allan Mata 2018
Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Notes

Excel file received by email.; • Accession: 10156; - Local Name: CC-54; - Year of Accession: 1979
Trinidad and Tobago, International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T): List received in 2011 Reference

Reference

CRU 2011
ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Notes

Website visited 12th April 2011

Link Unavailable [http://sta.uwi.edu/cru/icgt-accessions.asp]; • Local Name: CC 54; - Year of Accession: 1994
United States of America, USDA-TARS: List received in 2016 Reference

Reference

USDA, ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. 2016
List of cocoa accessions held at Mayaguez in April 2016. USDA-ARS GRIN-Global. [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Notes

Original link: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/view2.aspx?dv=web_site_taxon_accessionlist¶ms=:taxonomyid=101885;:siteid=7 (not working)

npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/...; • Accession: PI 315245 GRIN-Global; - Local Name: CC 54; - Year of Accession: 1965
Vanuatu, Valeteruru Station: List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

Philippe Bastide. 2012
Les clones suivis au Vanuatu (unpublished list of accessions). Personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: CC 54; - Year of Accession: 1992

DISEASE

Frosty Pod Rot: Susceptible, 100.00 % Infection; Note: External Severety = 2.9 and Internal Severety = 4.3; Phillips, W., 1997

Reference

Phillips, W. 1997
Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot Descriptors: Resistance based on severity of infection of Moniliophthora roreri using the aspersion method Environment: CATIE, Costa Rica Germplasm: Clones held at the CATIE germplasm collection Experimental conditions: External severity of infection: scale of six values, assessed 9 weeks after inoculation (0 = healthy pod, 5 = necrosis and sporulation). Internal severity of infection: scale of six values, assessed 9 weeks after inoculation (0 = 0% of internal tissues affected, 5 = more than 80%). This parameter was used to classify the cultivars. Incidence of infection: sick pods in relation to inoculated pods.

Disease
Phytophthora: Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Phillips, W., 1997

Reference

Phillips, W. 1997
Results of the artificial inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora using the Paper Disc method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora Descriptors: Resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and P. megakarya Environment: Artificial inoculation using the paper disk method. Resisance based on diameter of the lesion ten days after inoculation with 0.0015 zoopsores/ml. Resistant = 0-3 cm; moderately resistant = 3.1 - 6 cm; moderately susceptible = 6.1 - 9 cm; susceptible = > 9.1 cm lesion diameter. Germplasm: 188 Clones selected from the collection at CATIE, Costa Rica Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda).

Disease

YIELD

Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Seed Index: 82.6 (dried beans per 100g); Pod Index: 28.0 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower

BEAN

Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Number: 29.0; Total Dry Weight: 35.8 g; Dry Weight: 1.21 g; Note: 29 plants sampled; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower
Palaniappan, S. & Shuhaimi Shamsuddin, 1992: Number: 36.9; Dry Weight: 1.04 g; Reference

Reference

Palaniappan, S. & Shuhaimi Shamsuddin 1992
Early evaluation of some cocoa germplasm at Pusut Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Notes

Malaysia - FELDA, Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak, Peninsula Malaysia Datafile: FELDA_DC MYS - Felda PPPTR Germplasm: Agronomic and morphological characteristics of some of the clones held at Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak. The clones were obtained from the Malaysian Cocoa Growers Council Joint Importation Scheme, MARDI and the Department of Agriculture, Peninsular Malaysia. Environment: The clones are planted in single plots of 18 plants/clone (6x3) at Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak, Sg. Tekam in inland Peninsular Malaysia. The clones were planted as they were obtained and therefore are of varying age. Character data: Seed dry weight: corrected to 6% moisture after oven drying at 105'C for 24 hours.

Bean Fruit

BUTTERFAT

Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Butterfat Content: 52.30 %; Maximum Butterfat Content: 56.49 %; Minimum Butterfat Content: 48.77 %; Note: 13 plants sampled; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower

FRUIT

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Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981: Basal Constriction: moderate - slight; Apex Form: acute; Rugosity: slight; Colour: high / moderate anthocyanin (ridge/furrow); Reference

Reference

Costa Rica - CATIE 1981
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE__DS CRI - CATIE 1 IMAGE_DS PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptor information is presented for 294 clones, 8 related species and on one hybrid. In addition, limited information on a further 119 clones is given. This germplasm is mainly of Latin American origin, including the United Fruit clones, UF, and genotypes from Mexico and Brazil. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 10 trees planted in a single row. Spacing is usually 2m within the row and 3m between the rows, although parts of the collection are planted in a 2.2 x 2.2m grid. Fertilizer, N-P-K-Mg/Ca in the ratio 18:10:6:5, is applied four times a year at 150g per tree. Shade is provided in most of the collection by an almost complete closed cover of trees of Erythrina poepiggiana and Inga spp. spaced at 12 x 12m. Character data: Seed dry weight: sample is dried for 1.5 h at 130°C and cooled in a desiccator. Seed length, seed width, seed thickness: average of 5 seeds from 20 fruits. Fruit, wall thickness at ridge: fruits are transversally sectioned and the soft endocarp tissue removed. Fruit, ridge pair separation: mean ratio of the distance between ridges within a pair and the distances between the ridges of two different pairs. Leaf, flush colour: measured when leaves are 5cm long. Producitvity: values are given as: 1=very low - c. 40 pods harvested over 3 years; 3=low, 5=intermediate - c. 40 pods obtained from 3-4 harvests over 1 year; 7=high, 9=very high - c. 40 pods harvested at one time. Pod outline drawing for each accession.

Yield Bean Fruit Flush Flower
Morera, J. et al., 1991: Shape: amelonado; Colour: green; Reference

Reference

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. 1991
Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot CATIE3DS CRI - CATIE 3 DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 559 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, self-compatibility, resistance to disease, pod shape and colour are described. Population types - CATIE, Costa Rica (3). Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda), Moniliophthora / Monilia roreri (local names: Watery Pod Rot, Moniliasis, Moniliose), Ceratocystis fimbriata (local names: Ceratocystis Wilt, Mal de Machete, Mort Subite).

Disease Fruit Flower
Palaniappan, S. & Shuhaimi Shamsuddin, 1992: Weight: 453.2 g; Reference

Reference

Palaniappan, S. & Shuhaimi Shamsuddin 1992
Early evaluation of some cocoa germplasm at Pusut Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Notes

Malaysia - FELDA, Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak, Peninsula Malaysia Datafile: FELDA_DC MYS - Felda PPPTR Germplasm: Agronomic and morphological characteristics of some of the clones held at Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak. The clones were obtained from the Malaysian Cocoa Growers Council Joint Importation Scheme, MARDI and the Department of Agriculture, Peninsular Malaysia. Environment: The clones are planted in single plots of 18 plants/clone (6x3) at Pusat Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak, Sg. Tekam in inland Peninsular Malaysia. The clones were planted as they were obtained and therefore are of varying age. Character data: Seed dry weight: corrected to 6% moisture after oven drying at 105'C for 24 hours.

Bean Fruit

FLUSH

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: moderate anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981: Colour: reddish brown; Reference

Reference

Costa Rica - CATIE 1981
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE__DS CRI - CATIE 1 IMAGE_DS PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptor information is presented for 294 clones, 8 related species and on one hybrid. In addition, limited information on a further 119 clones is given. This germplasm is mainly of Latin American origin, including the United Fruit clones, UF, and genotypes from Mexico and Brazil. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 10 trees planted in a single row. Spacing is usually 2m within the row and 3m between the rows, although parts of the collection are planted in a 2.2 x 2.2m grid. Fertilizer, N-P-K-Mg/Ca in the ratio 18:10:6:5, is applied four times a year at 150g per tree. Shade is provided in most of the collection by an almost complete closed cover of trees of Erythrina poepiggiana and Inga spp. spaced at 12 x 12m. Character data: Seed dry weight: sample is dried for 1.5 h at 130°C and cooled in a desiccator. Seed length, seed width, seed thickness: average of 5 seeds from 20 fruits. Fruit, wall thickness at ridge: fruits are transversally sectioned and the soft endocarp tissue removed. Fruit, ridge pair separation: mean ratio of the distance between ridges within a pair and the distances between the ridges of two different pairs. Leaf, flush colour: measured when leaves are 5cm long. Producitvity: values are given as: 1=very low - c. 40 pods harvested over 3 years; 3=low, 5=intermediate - c. 40 pods obtained from 3-4 harvests over 1 year; 7=high, 9=very high - c. 40 pods harvested at one time. Pod outline drawing for each accession.

Yield Bean Fruit Flush Flower

FLOWER

Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower
Morera, J. et al., 1991: Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. 1991
Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot CATIE3DS CRI - CATIE 3 DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 559 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, self-compatibility, resistance to disease, pod shape and colour are described. Population types - CATIE, Costa Rica (3). Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda), Moniliophthora / Monilia roreri (local names: Watery Pod Rot, Moniliasis, Moniliose), Ceratocystis fimbriata (local names: Ceratocystis Wilt, Mal de Machete, Mort Subite).

Disease Fruit Flower

REFERENCES

Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.

Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.

CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.

USDA, ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. (2016) List of cocoa accessions held at Mayaguez in April 2016. USDA-ARS GRIN-Global. [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

Philippe Bastide. (2012) Les clones suivis au Vanuatu (unpublished list of accessions). Personal communication, February 2012.

Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication

Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora using the Paper Disc method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication

Malaysia - BAL Plantations (1991) Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.

Palaniappan, S. & Shuhaimi Shamsuddin (1992) Early evaluation of some cocoa germplasm at Pusut Perkhidmatan Pertanian Tun Razak. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.