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SIAL 339    Theobroma cacao

 Pinto, G.C.P. & Magalhaes, W.S. (1956)
Tres anos de selecao nos cacauais na Bahia. In: Proceedings of the 5th Inter-American Cacao Research Conference. pp. 213-220.

Derivation: Selecao Instituto Agronomico do Leste, brazil.
Location: Brazil.

Lockwood, 1973a [LOC73A]. Habit - vigorous and prolific, Fruit - almost calabacillo in shape and of two types, Paracinho and Para, thin husks. Beans- small.

Notes:  Pinto & Magalhaes, 1956 [PIN56A] Selecao Instituto Agronomica do Leste, Brazil.

Vello et al. 1974a [VEL74A]. Selections made from farms especially in the south of Bahia. Forastero, Para, Comum and Maranhao types.
 

Synonyms: IAL 339

 HELD IN

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Current List   ICQC,R Website
• Accession: RUQ 48     ICQC,R 
   - Local Name: SIAL 399
   - Year of Accession: 1985
List received in 2012   Reference
• Accession: 1050
   - Local Name: SIAL 339
List received in 2018   Reference
• Accession: 19661
   - Local Name: SIAL-339
   - Year of Accession: 1962
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 399
   - Year of Accession: 1974
List received in 1997   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 339
   - Year of Accession: 1996
List received in 2008   Reference
• Accession: IDN-13-TCAC-00447
   - Local Name: SIAL339
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 339
List received in 1998   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 339
   - Year of Accession: 1998
List received in 1998   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 339
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: SIAL 339

 DISEASE

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 Frosty Pod Rot
Susceptible, 86.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 4.0 and Internal Severety = 4.3
 Phillips, W., 1996
Susceptible, 86.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 4.0 and Internal Severety = 4.3
 Phillips, W., 1997
 Phytophthora
Moderate Resistance, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Morera, J., 1993
Moderately Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Phillips, W., 1997
 Vascular Streak Dieback
75.55 % Infection
Note: 18 plants sampled..
 Subali, S., 1992

 YIELD

 Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992
Seed Index: 108.6 (dried beans per 100g)
Pod Index: 29.4 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Pod Index: 22.1 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference

 BEAN

 Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992
Number: 36.8
Dry Weight: 0.92 g
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: dark purple
Shape: oblong
Number: 43.0
Total Wet Weight: 66.1 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.05 g
Cotyledon Length: 21.5 mm
Cotyledon Width: 12.6 mm
 Reference

 BUTTERFAT

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Testa: 6.10 %
 Reference

 FRUIT

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 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Shape: obovate
Basal Constriction: slight
Apex Form: obtuse
Rugosity: slight
Length: 142.0 mm
Breadth: 88.0 mm
Colour: anthocyanin absent
Hardness: hard
Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Basal Constriction: absent
Apex Form: obtuse
Rugosity: smooth - very slight
Colour: absent anthocyanin
 Reference
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Shape: calabacillo
Colour: green
 Reference

 PHENOTYPING

 Fiona Lahive, 2017
Accession: RUQ 48
Light Saturated Photosynthetic Rate: 3.55 μmol m2 s-1
Stomatal Conductance: 0.05 mol m2 s-1
Transpiration Rate: 0.68 mmol m2 s-1
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency: 79.46 μmol mol-1
Instantaneous Water Use Efficiency: 5.21 mmol mol-1
Flush Size: 3
Leaf Area: 162.50 cm2
Leaf Dry Weight: 1.20 g
Specific Leaf Area: 136.50 cm2 g-1
 Reference

 FLUSH

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: anthocyanin absent
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Colour: reddish brown
 Reference

 FLOWER

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Length: 7.45 mm
Ligule Width: 2.39 mm
Ovule Number: 52
Style Length: 2.56 mm
Pedicel Colour: reddish
 Reference
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Self Compatibility: self compatible
 Reference

Pinto, G.C.P. & Magalhaes, W.S. (1956) Tres anos de selecao nos cacauais na Bahia. In: Proceedings of the 5th Inter-American Cacao Research Conference. pp. 213-220.
CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.
Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.
India - Kerala (1997) List of survivng clones from all the introductions. R.V. Nair, Kerala Agricultural University, India. Personal Communication.
Susilo, A. (2008) The list of germplasm collected by ICCRI. Personal communication from Agung Susilo, July 2008.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1990) List of clones held in the Dept. of Agriculture's collection, at Sabah, Tuaran, Malaysia. E.B. Tay, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Malaysia. Personal Communication.
Nigeria - CRIN (1998) Take of budwood for each clone of the ICT, 14/4/98. List faxed from K. Badaru, CRIN forwarded from A.B.Eskes, INIBAP.
PNG - Cocoa & Coconut Research (1998) Current list of cocoa accessions at the PNG CCRI. Mr. Mathias Faure, Personal Communication.
CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Phillips, W. (1996) Cocoa cultivar reaction when innoculated with Moniliophthora roreri. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Morera, J. (1993) Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora using the Paper Disc method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Subali, S. (1992) MARDI's results on performance of imported primary cocoa clones. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malaysia - Applied Agriculture (1992) Data from Applied Agriculture Research Unit (AARU). In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October 1992, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: pp. 4.
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Fiona Lahive (2017) Phenotypic data from climate change trials. Personal communication.