Search Results

PA 150 [PER]    Theobroma cacao

 Pound, F.J. (1938)
Cacao and Witchbroom Disease of South America with notes on other species of Theobroma. Archives of Cocoa Research 1: pp. 26-71.

Derivation: PArinari.
Collected by Pound.
Location: Parinari, Peru.

Pound, 1938a: [POU38A] type 1 - long, generally warty pods with a pronounced bottleneck and a conspicuous point, type 2 - lack the pronounced bottleneck, type 3 - pods shorter and lack both the pronounced bottle neck and point, type 4 - smooth lagarta, ie with bottle neck and point but with shallow furrows and a smooth shell, type 5 - as type 1 but with very small beans, type 6 - short, 10 ridged oval, warty pods, sometimes with red tint. Posnette, 1945A [POS45A]. Parinari type has long petioles (2-3 cm) with pulvini separated by a long, deep constriction even when young. The stamen filaments are not pigmented.

Notes:  Selections from the region around Parinari.

Pound, 1938a [POU38A]. Pods probably collected from some 20 trees free of Witches' Broom in a population of type 1,2,3, and 4. Further collections may have made around Porvenir (between the Boca del Huallaga and Boca del Pastaza) from types 5 and 6.

Pound, 1943b [POU43B]. 277 plants were planted at Marper farm.

Bartley, 1998a [BAR98A] Parinari means tree and it is the name of a place on the River Amazon (Maranon) in Peru. However it is believed to refer to a region rather than a specific place. Types 5 and 6 were collected from along the whole stretch of the Maranon River.
 

Synonyms: PARINARI 150 [PER]

 NOTES

Identified as an off-type (using SSR markers) in the IDIAF collection, Dominican Republic [PA-150]   IDIAF, 2011

 RECOMMENDED PLANTING MATERIAL    Disclaimer

 Susilo, Agung W, 2015
Recommended seed parent in:
Indonesia (North Sumatera)
Seed Garden / Source: Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Other Seed Garden Parents: ICS 60   |  TSH 858   |  IMC 67   |  SCA 12 
Recommended by: Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Indonesia
 Reference
 Susilo, Agung W, 2015
Recommended seed parent in:
Indonesia (Lampung)
Seed Garden / Source: PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII
Other Seed Garden Parents: ICS 60   |  IMC 67   |  TSH 858   |  TSH 908 
Recommended by: Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Indonesia
 Reference
 Lockwood, G, 2015
Recommended seed parent in:
Ghana
Seed Garden / Source: Cocobod-SPD
Bi-parental cross: PA 150 [PER] x T 85 /799 [POS] 
Recommended by: Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG), Ghana
Year: 1999 (Current)
 Reference
 Pokou, Désiré N et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Cote d'Ivoire
Other Seed Garden Parents: T 85 /799 [POS]   |  T 79 /501 [POS]   |  T 60 /887 [POS]   |  SCA 6   |  POR [FRE]   |  NA 32   |  IMC 67   |  IFC 412 [CIV]   |  IFC 15 [CIV]   |  IFC 1 [CIV]   |  ICS 1 
Recommended by: Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), Cote d'Ivoire
 Reference
 SANGARE Abdourahamane et al., 2009
Recommended seed parent in:
Cote d'Ivoire
Parent of Hybrid: 'H 798' 
Recommended by: Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), Cote d'Ivoire
 Reference
 SANGARE Abdourahamane et al., 2009
Recommended seed parent in:
Cote d'Ivoire
Parent of Hybrid: 'H 155' 
Recommended by: Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), Cote d'Ivoire
 Reference
 Sounigo, Olivier & Ives Bruno Efombagn Mousseni, 2012
Recommended seed parent in:
Cameroon
Seed Garden / Source: PSCC/IRAD
Female Parent in Seed Garden with: IMC 60   |  UPA 143   |  UPA 337   |  PA 70 [PER]   |  BBK 726   |  P 7 [POU]   |  PA 7 [PER]   |  GU 255 /V   |  GU 144 /C   |  IMC 67   |  PA 107 [PER]   |  SCA 12   |  SCA 6   |  SCA 24   |  T 60 /887 [POS]   |  T 79 /501 [POS]   |  UPA 134   |  SNK 630   |  ICS 84   |  SNK 15   |  SNK 413   |  SNK 64   |  SNK 608   |  SNK 620   |  TIKO 32   |  BBK 1016   |  BBK 109 
Recommended by: Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Cameroon
Status: current
 Reference
 CRIN, 2020
Recommended seed parent in:
Nigeria
Parent of Hybrid: 'CRIN Tc-3' 
Recommended by: Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Nigeria
Year: 2010 (Current)
 Reference
 CRIN, 2020
Recommended seed parent in:
Nigeria
Parent of Hybrid: 'CRIN Tc-6' 
Recommended by: Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Nigeria
Year: 2010 (Current)
 Reference

 COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: Rio Maranon, Parinari, Loreto, Peru
Coordinates: 74.60 W, 4.60 S
   Marita, J. M. et al., 2001

 PEDIGREE DETAILS

 Mother to:
CC 212    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CEPEC 1000    Brazil - CEPEC, 1987
CEPEC 46    Brazil - CEPEC, 1987
CRIN Tc-6    CRIN, 2020
FB 21    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
H 155 [CIV]    SANGARE Abdourahamane et al., 2009
H 798 [CIV]    SANGARE Abdourahamane et al., 2009
IFC 1201 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1212 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1213 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1260 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1296 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1312 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1319 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
IFC 1327 [CIV]    Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
PH 16 [BRA]    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
VB 1151    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
VB 1156    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
VB 1151    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
VB 1139    Stela Dalva V. M. Silva et al., 2006
 Father to:
AX 556    Lockwood, G. & Gyamfi, M.M.O., 1979
CRIN Tc-3    CRIN, 2020

 POPULATION

 Motamayor, J.C. et al., 2008
'Maranon' Population
Subgroup: 'Parinari IV'   Reference

 GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

 Cornejo, O.E. et al., 2018
 Reference
BioProject: PRJNA486011   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Project: PRJEB28591   EVA (project)   EVA (analysis) 
Library Source: Genomic
 
Run: SRR7774233   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Experiment: SRX4629591
BioSample: SAMN09934519
SampleName: PA_150
SampleSource: Trinidad, Tree_ID: TC00501
 Jaime A Osorio-Guarín et al., 2020
 Reference
BioProject: PRJNA734904   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Library Source: Genomic
 
Run: SRR14743844   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Experiment: SRX11078278
BioSample: SAMN19549191
SampleName: PA150
SampleSource: AGROSAVIA, Colombia

 HELD IN

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Current List   ICQC,R Website
• Accession: RUQ 1731     ICQC,R 
   - Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 2015
List received in 2012   Reference
• Accession: 194
   - Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 1980
• Accession: 194
   - Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 1981
• Accession: 194
   - Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 1983
List received in 1987   Reference
• Accession: 130
   - Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1977
List received in 2015   Reference
• Accession: PA 150 Quadra 1
   - Local Name: PA 150
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: PA-150
List received in 1999   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
List received in 2018   Reference
• Accession: 19518
   - Local Name: PA-150
   - Year of Accession: 1993
List received in 1989   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1985
List received in 1987   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1974
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: PA-150 (Incorrecto)
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: PA - 150
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 1993
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 1970
List received in 2008   Reference
• Accession: IDN-13-TCAC-00459
   - Local Name: PA 150
List received in 2008   Reference
• Local Name: Pa 150
List received in 1971   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1968
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1998
List received in 1998   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1998
List received in 2009   Reference
• Local Name: PA - 150
List received in 1971   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
List received in 1991   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 1943
List received in 2016   Reference
• Accession: PI 668478     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: PA 150 [PER]
   - Year of Accession: 2008
List received in 2010   Reference
• Accession: MIA 35773     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: PA 150
   - Year of Accession: 2002

 DISEASE

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 Ceratocystis
Susceptible (Branch).
Note: Based on mycelium growth and the production of perithecia..
 Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva, 2003
 Phytophthora
14.95 % Infection (Pod).
Note: percentage of infected pods. Rank calculated using Newman-Keuls test at 5% = AB
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Intermediate, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Unattached and not wounded
 Iwaro, D., 1998
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Leaf).
 Kebe, 1999
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Fully grown, unripe detached pods (4-5 months old)
 A.D. Iwaro & D. R. Butler, 2003
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Score: 2 (1-8 Scale). Fully grown, unripe detached pods (4-5 months old).
 A.D. Iwaro et al., 2006
Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Phillips, W., 1997
Resistant, sp. P. capsici (Pod).
 Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995
Resistant, sp. P. citrophthora (Pod).
 Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995
Resistant, sp. P. citrophthora
Note: Average score = 1.5.
 Lopez, U.V. et al., 2006
 Witches Broom
Susceptible (Seedling).
 Luz, E.D.M.N. & Silva, S.D.V.M., 1997
Susceptible (Field Reaction).
 Luz, E.D.M.N. & Silva, S.D.V.M., 1997

 PESTS

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 Mirids
Moderate Damage
Note: Trial G8. Rank calculated using Newman-Keuls test at 5% = AB
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Moderate Damage
 N'Goran, J.A.K. et al., 1993
Resistant
 K. F. N’Guessan et al., 2003

 YIELD

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 Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992
Seed Index: 114.9 (dried beans per 100g)
Pod Index: 29.5 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Pod Index: 27.4 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Yield: 1456 kg ha-1 yr-1
 Reference

 BEAN

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 Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992
Number: 39.0
Dry Weight: 0.87 g
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: dark purple
Shape: elliptical
Number: 43.0
Total Wet Weight: 49.2 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.85 g
Cotyledon Length: 20.2 mm
Cotyledon Width: 11.0 mm
 Reference
 KKO, 1993
Colour: dark purple
 Reference

 BUTTERFAT

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Testa: 5.30 %
 Reference

 FRUIT

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 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Shape: elliptical
Basal Constriction: wideshoulder
Apex Form: attenuate
Rugosity: moderate
Length: 174.0 mm
Breadth: 78.0 mm
Colour: anthocyanin absent
 Reference
 Brazil - CEPEC, 1987
Rugosity: intense
 Reference
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Shape: amelonado
Colour: green
 Reference

 FLUSH

 Allen, J.B., 1988
Colour: slight anthocyanin
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: anthocyanin absent
 Reference

 LEAF

 Trinidad - ICGT, 1992
Distance from Base to Widest Part: 121 mm
Length: 226.0 mm
Width: 82.0 mm
Length to Width Ratio: 2.80
Basal Angle: 101.7 °
Apical Angle: 67.4 °
Petiole Length: 21 mm
Pulvinus Length: 14 mm
 Reference

 FLOWER

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 Allen, J.B., 1988
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Length: 7.00 mm
Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical)
Pedicel Colour: slight anthocyanin
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Length: 6.86 mm
Ligule Width: 2.69 mm
Ovule Number: 47
Style Length: 2.29 mm
Pedicel Colour: reddish
 Reference
 Brazil - CEPEC, 1987
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
 Yamada, M. et al., 1982
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference

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IDIAF (2011) Cocoa accessions held in the Dominican Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Research (IDIAF). M. Ventura, personal communication, September 2011.
Susilo, Agung W (2015) BREEDING PROGRAM AND DEVELOPMENT PLANTING MATERIAL OF COCOA (Theobroma Cacao L.) IN INDONESIA. Asia Pacific Regional Cocoa Research Workshop Davao Philippines, 12-15th October 2015.
Lockwood, G (2015) Report on Cacao Planting Materials from Various Cocoa Producing Countries. Supplying New Cocoa Planting Material to Farmers: A Review of Propagation Methodologies, edited by Brigitte Laliberté and Michelle J End, 121–50. Rome: Bioversity International
Pokou, Désiré N, Andrew S Fister, Noah Winters, Mathias G Tahi, Coulibaly Klotioloma, Aswathy Sebastian, James H Marden, Siela N Maximova & Mark J Guiltinan (2019) Resistant and Susceptible Cacao Genotypes Exhibit Defense Gene Polymorphism and Unique Early Responses to Phytophthora Megakarya Inoculation. Plant Molecular Biology 99 (4–5): 499–516
SANGARE Abdourahamane, KOFFI Edmond, AKAMOU Fataye & FALL Cheikh Alassane (2009) Rapport national sur l'état des ressources phytogénétiques pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture: République de Côte d’Ivoire. Ministère de l’agriculture
Sounigo, Olivier & Ives Bruno Efombagn Mousseni (2012) Cocoa Improvement and Variety Delivery Effort in Cameroon. INGENIC Seventh Workshop: Cocoa Variety Development and the Supply of Planting Materials to Farmers. 21st - 22nd October 2012
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Marita, J. M., Nienhuis, J., Pires, J. L. & Aitken, W. M. (2001) Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Theobroma cacao with Emphasis on Witches’ Broom Disease Resistance. Crop Sci. 41:1305–1316.
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Stela Dalva V. M. Silva, Augusto Roberto S. Gomes, Edmundo P. Mandarino, Lindolfo P. dos S. Filho & Virgínia O. Damaceno (2006) Indicações de Resistência à Murcha-de-Ceratocystis em Genótipos de Cacaueiros no Sul da Bahia, Brasil. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Cocoa Research Conference, San Jose, Costa Rica (2006). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Clement, D. & Sounigo, O. (1992) Ivory Coast Database. D. Clement & O. Sounigo, IRCC, Bingerville, Cote d'Ivoire. Personal Communication.
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Cornejo, O.E., Muh-Ching Yee, Victor Dominguez, Mary Andrews, Alexandra Sockell, Erika Strandberg, Donald Livingstone III, Conrad Stack, Alberto Romero, Pathmanathan Umaharan, Stefan Royaert, Nilesh R. Tawari, Pauline Ng, Osman Gutierrez, Wilbert Phillips, Keithanne Mockaitis, Carlos D. Bustamante & Juan C. Motamayor (2018) Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process. Commun Biol 1, 167
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A.D. Iwaro & D. R. Butler (2003) Sources of Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Lopez, U.V., Paim, M., Luz, E.D.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Gramacho, K.P. and Pires, J.L. (2006) Resistance of Cacao Farmer Selections to Phytophthora citrophthora in Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Cocoa Research Conference, San Jose, Costa Rica (2006). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Luz, E.D.M.N. & Silva, S.D.V.M. (1997) Evaluating resistance/tolerance to Witches' Broom disease in Bahia, Brazil. Final Report to ACRI. CEPLAC/CEPEC, February, 1997. pp. 56. Data supplied to ICGD by Luz & Silva.
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