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AMAZ 12 /4    Theobroma cacao

 Chalmers, W.S. (1973)
Report on a visit to Ecuador, Peru, and Brasil, March 1st-April 15th 1973. Unpublished Report. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp. 31.

Derivation: r. AMAZonas.
Collected by INIAP/UWI Chalmers.
Location: R. Amazonas nr Iquitos, Ecuador.

(Chalmers, 1973a [CHA73A]) AMAZ 3 [CHA] to AMAZ 10 [CHA] and AMAZ 15 [CHA] were selected from a planted area of cocoa with trees showing a range of pod types from five pairs of very distinct, slightly rugose ridges to a very smooth ridgeless calabacillo type. Most had a slight bottleneck and several had a pronounced "blanco" foundation colour. Several pods showed a very characteristic slightly rough, minutely pimpled surface. Some had a very hard pod wall (AMAZ 5, 7 and 8 [CHA]). The number of seeds per pod varied between 11 and 49. All the seeds were dark purple, generally small to medium in size and, within the same pod, plump and flattish seed occured. Only AMAZ 3 [CHA] and AMAZ [15] showed any Witches broom infection. AMAZ 11and AMAZ 12 were collected from Iquitos island, where Pound collected the IMC family. Many of the trees growing in the farm had pods very similar to those of IMC 67 although AMAZ 12 had a more Amelonado shaped pod with a fairly hard shell. AMAZ 13 [CHA] and AMAZ 14 [CHA] had marked pigmentation in the flush. The peduncles were pigmented but not the stamens. The young pods were smooth and Amelonado shaped. The petioles were distinctively short, thick and without any constriction.

Notes:  Collected in 1973.

Bartley, 1997b [BAR97B] The seed collected on this expedition was divided between Trinidad and Ecuador. At present only the data on the seedling progeny at Trinidad is available.
 

 Bartley, B.G.D. (1997)
Comments made by Dr. Bartley during his visit to Reading (4th - 15th August 1997). B.G.D.Bartley. Personal Communications.

Notes:  The seed collected on this expedition was divided between Trinidad and Ecuador. At present only the data on the seedling progeny at Trinidad is available.
 

Synonyms: AMA 12 /4 [CHA], AMAZONAS 12 /4, AMAZON 12 /4, AMZ 12-4

 COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: R. Amazonas, Loreto, Peru
Date: April 1973
Coordinates: 73.10 W, 3.45 S
Material collected: Seed
Notes: Iquitos -Isla. NW of Hotel Turistica.2m from AMAZ 11
Expedition Code: 73CH
   Chalmers, W.S., 1973

 PEDIGREE DETAILS

 Parents:
AMAZ 12  x Unknown   Bartley, B.G.D., 1997

 HELD IN

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List received in 2012   Reference
• Accession: 930
   - Local Name: AMAZON 12-4
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: AMAZ-12.4
   - Year of Accession: 1995
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: 4Z12-4
List received in 1995   Reference
• Accession: 354
   - Local Name: AMAZ 12 /4 [CHA]
   - Year of Accession: 1996
List received in 2008   Reference
• Local Name: AMZ 12-4
List received in 1998   Reference
• Local Name: AMAZON 12 /4 [CHA]
   - Year of Accession: 1993
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: AMAZ 12/4 [CHA]

 YIELD

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Pod Index: 28.0 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference

 BEAN

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: dark purple
Shape: ovate
Number: 43.0
Total Wet Weight: 56.3 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.83 g
Cotyledon Length: 21.1 mm
Cotyledon Width: 11.8 mm
 Reference

 BUTTERFAT

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Testa: 4.20 %
 Reference

 FRUIT

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Shape: elliptical
Basal Constriction: moderate
Apex Form: obtuse
Rugosity: moderate
Length: 181.0 mm
Breadth: 83.0 mm
Colour: anthocyanin absent
Hardness: hard
Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa
 Reference

 FLUSH

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: moderate anthocyanin
 Reference

 FLOWER

 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Length: 7.01 mm
Ligule Width: 2.37 mm
Ovule Number: 46
Style Length: 2.48 mm
Pedicel Colour: reddish
 Reference

Chalmers, W.S. (1973) Report on a visit to Ecuador, Peru, and Brasil, March 1st-April 15th 1973. Unpublished Report. Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp. 31.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1997) Comments made by Dr. Bartley during his visit to Reading (4th - 15th August 1997). B.G.D.Bartley. Personal Communications.
CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.
Mars Center for Cocoa Science (2012) Accession list for the Mars Center for Cocoa Science. Jean-Philippe Marelli, personal communication, February 2012.
CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.
India - Kerala (1995) Material imported from Reading University Quarantine Facility. R.V. Nair, Kerala Agricultural University, India. Personal Communication.
Haeser, E. (2008) Accession list for Bah Lias Research Station, PT.PP. London Sumatra, Indonesia. Personal communication, March 2010.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1998) Accessions held in the Malaysian Cocoa Board collection, May 1998. K. Lamin, MCB, Malaysia, Personal Communication.
CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.