Search Results

EET 400 [ECU]    Theobroma cacao

Derivation: Estacion Experimental Tropical.
Location: E.E.T. Pichilingue, Ecuador.

Notes:  Some EET clones are imported genotypes which have been given the duplicate identifier [IMP], [POU] for kown Pound collections and [MIG] for known SAN MIGUEL clones.
 

Synonyms: ETS 400 [ECU]

 NOTES

Identified as an off-type (using SSR markers) in the IDIAF collection, Dominican Republic [EET-400]   IDIAF, 2011

 RECOMMENDED PLANTING MATERIAL    Disclaimer

 Rodriguez-Medina, Caren et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Colombia
Bi-parental cross: EET 400 [ECU] x IMC 67 
Recommended by: Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA), Colombia
Year: 1980s (Until late 1990s)
 Reference
 Rodriguez-Medina, Caren et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Colombia
Bi-parental cross: EET 400 [ECU] x ICS 1 
Recommended by: Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA), Colombia
Year: 1980s (Until late 1990s)
 Reference
 Rodriguez-Medina, Caren et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Colombia
Bi-parental cross: EET 400 [ECU] x ICS 39 
Recommended by: Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA), Colombia
Year: 1980s (Until late 1990s)
 Reference
 Rodriguez-Medina, Caren et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Colombia
Bi-parental cross: EET 400 [ECU] x ICS 6 
Recommended by: Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA), Colombia
Year: 1980s (Until late 1990s)
 Reference
 Rodriguez-Medina, Caren et al., 2019
Recommended seed parent in:
Colombia
Bi-parental cross: EET 400 [ECU] x ICS 60 
Recommended by: Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA), Colombia
Year: 1980s (Until late 1990s)
 Reference

 PEDIGREE DETAILS

 Parents:
SILECIA 1 [ECU]  x Unknown
 - Selec. Patologia 7818
   Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
 Mother to:
EQX 106 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 51 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 91 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 92 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 93 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
GNV 105    Purdy, L.H. et al., 1998
GNV 22    Purdy, L.H. et al., 1998
TARS 27    Ricardo Goenaga et al., 2009
TARS 9    Ricardo Goenaga et al., 2009
 Father to:
EQX 20 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 79 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 83 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 86 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 96 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date

 GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

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 Cornejo, O.E. et al., 2018
 Reference
BioProject: PRJNA486011   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Project: PRJEB28591   EVA (project)   EVA (analysis) 
Library Source: Genomic
 
Run: SRR7774208   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Experiment: SRX4629616
BioSample: SAMN09934443
SampleName: EET_400
SampleSource: Costa Rica, Tree_ID: Tc17439
Run: SRR7774342   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Experiment: SRX4629482
BioSample: SAMN09934435
SampleName: EET400_Arbol-122
SampleSource: Ecuador, Tree_ID: Tc21291
 Jaime A Osorio-Guarín et al., 2020
 Reference
BioProject: PRJNA734904   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Library Source: Genomic
 
Run: SRR14743680   NCBI   ENA FASTQ 
Experiment: SRX11078442
BioSample: SAMN19549133
SampleName: EET400
SampleSource: AGROSAVIA, Colombia

 HELD IN

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List received in 2012   Reference
• Accession: 1004
   - Local Name: EET 400
• Accession: 1004
   - Local Name: EET 400
• Accession: 1004
   - Local Name: EET 400
List received in 1987   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: EET-400
   - Year of Accession: 1996
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
List received in 2018   Reference
• Accession: 10290
   - Local Name: EET-400
   - Year of Accession: 1965
List received in 1987   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1974
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: EET-400 (Incorrecto)
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: EET- 400
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400
   - Year of Accession: 1990
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: EET400
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
List received in 2008   Reference
• Accession: IDN-13-TCAC-00537
   - Local Name: EET400
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
List received in 1995   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1987
List received in 2009   Reference
• Local Name: EET - 400
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400
   - Year of Accession: 1965
List received in 2016   Reference
• Accession: PI 315302     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1939
List received in 2010   Reference
• Accession: MIA 30313     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: EET 400
   - Year of Accession: 1983
• Accession: MIA 30914     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: EET 400
   - Year of Accession: 1984
• Accession: MIA 28337     GRIN-Global 
   - Cross: EET 400 [ECU] x SCA 12 
   - Local Name: EET 400 X SCA 12
   - Year of Accession: 1982
List received in 1972   Reference
• Local Name: EET 400 [ECU]

 DISEASE

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 Ceratocystis
Resistant
 Morera, J & Mora, A., 1990
Resistant
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Tolerant
 Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J., 1977
 Frosty Pod Rot
Susceptible, 100.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 4.4 and Internal Severety = 5.0
 Phillips, W., 1997
 Phytophthora
Moderately Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Morera, J., 1993
Resistant, 12.00 % Infection, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe and not wounded
 Lopez-Baez, O. et al., 1996
Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Phillips, W., 1997
 Vascular Streak Dieback
3.30 % Infection (Field Reaction).
Note: Severery of infection was High.. Sime Darby Plantations, Merlimau Estate.
 Lam, K.S., 1992
36.00 % Infection
Note: 15 plants sampled..
 Subali, S., 1992
 Witches Broom
Intermediate
 Fonseca, S.E.A & Albuquerque, P.S.B. de, 1996
Resistant
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Tolerant
 Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J., 1977

 YIELD

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 Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991
Seed Index: 129.8 (dried beans per 100g)
Pod Index: 34.4 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Pod Index: 19.8 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Seed Index: 87.7 (dried beans per 100g)
Productivity: medium
 Reference
 Lam, K.S., 1992
Seed Index: 118.3 (dried beans per 100g)
Pod Index: 31.1 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
 Ricardo Goenaga et al., 2009
Pod Index: 50.3 (pods per kg dried beans)
Yield: 855 kg ha-1 yr-1
Yield (dry beans per tree): 0.57 kg
 Reference

 BEAN

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 Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991
Number: 37.7
Total Dry Weight: 29.1 g
Dry Weight: 0.77 g
Note: 69 plants sampled
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: dark purple
Shape: oblong
Number: 42.0
Total Wet Weight: 64.9 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.20 g
Cotyledon Length: 24.7 mm
Cotyledon Width: 12.3 mm
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Colour Dark Purple: Present
Colour Light Purple: Present
Colour Grey: Absent
Colour White: Present
Colour Mottled: Absent
Number: 32.2
Maximum Number: 48
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 1.65 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.14 g
Cotyledon Length: 25.5 mm
Cotyledon Width: 12.7 mm
Cotyledon Thickness: 7.9 mm
 Reference
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Colour Purple: 37 %
Colour Light Purple: 34 %
Colour White: 19 %
Colour Mottled: 10 %
Shape: flat/elongate
Length: 26.5 mm
Width: 12.6 mm
Thickness: 9.3 mm
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 1.96 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.34 g
 Reference
 Lam, K.S., 1992
Number: 37.8
Dry Weight: 0.84 g
 Reference

 BUTTERFAT

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 Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991
Butterfat Content: 54.40 %
Maximum Butterfat Content: 57.90 %
Minimum Butterfat Content: 52.05 %
Note: 18 plants sampled
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Testa: 4.80 %
 Reference
 Trinidad - CRU, 1998
Butterfat Content: 52.40 %
Testa: 5.00 %
 Reference

 FRUIT

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 Bartley, B.G.D., 1970
Size: large
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Shape: elliptical
Basal Constriction: moderate
Apex Form: obtuse
Rugosity: moderate
Length: 168.0 mm
Breadth: 79.0 mm
Colour: anthocyanin absent
Hardness: hard
Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Basal Constriction: slight
Apex Form: slightly acute
Rugosity: moderate
Husk Thickness: 7.6 mm (9.7 - 5.5)
Length: 161.0 mm
Breadth: 76.0 mm
Colour: absent anthocyanin
Weight: 409.0 g
Pods Per Tree: 5
Hardness: moderate
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.11
Note: ratio of distances between ridges within a pair and between ridges of two different pairs = 0.78
 Reference
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Shape: angoleta
Husk Thickness: 13.3 mm
Length: 156.0 mm
Breadth: 92.0 mm
Colour: yellow
Hardness: soft
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.05
 Reference
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Shape: angoleta
Colour: green
 Reference

 FLUSH

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 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Colour: slight anthocyanin
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Colour: light brown
 Reference
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Colour: slight anthocyanin
 Reference

 LEAF

 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Length to Width Ratio: 2.67
Basal Angle: 161.0 °
Apical Angle: 92.0 °
 Reference

 FLOWER

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 Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
 Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022
Ligule Colour: moderate anthocyanin
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Length: 7.55 mm
Ligule Width: 2.41 mm
Ovule Number: 45
Style Length: 2.57 mm
Pedicel Colour: green
 Reference
 Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical)
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Colour: greyish green
Sepal Width: 2.29 mm
Sepal Length: 8.94 mm
Ligule Length: 7.49 mm
Ligule Width: 2.19 mm
Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical)
Ovary Width: 1.01 mm
Ovary Length: 1.22 mm
Style Length: 2.29 mm
Staminode Length: 7.85 mm
Pedicel Colour: yellowish white
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
Note: Translation of Methuen colour codes.
 Reference
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Bud Colour: anthocyanin absent
Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Guide Line Length: 3.50 mm
Sepal Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Width: 2.50 mm
Sepal Length: 7.90 mm
Sepal Length to Width Ratio: 3.22
Ligule Length: 3.60 mm
Ligule Width: 2.20 mm
Ligule Length to Width Ratio: 1.68
Ribbon Length: 2.70 mm
Ribbon Colour: anthocyanin absent
Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Ovary Width: 1.20 mm
Ovary Length: 1.70 mm
Ovary Length to Width Ratio: 1.26
Ovule Number: 52
Style Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Style Length: 2.50 mm
Staminode Colour: intense anthocyanin
Staminode Length: 7.00 mm
Pedicel Length: 17.10 mm
Pedicel Colour: slight anthocyani, slight anthocyani (ab), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present
Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present
Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent
Pigmented Spot on Pollen Sac: absent
 Reference
 A. González & M. Ventura, 2007
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
 Morera, J. et al., 1991
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference

IDIAF (2011) Cocoa accessions held in the Dominican Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Research (IDIAF). M. Ventura, personal communication, September 2011.
Rodriguez-Medina, Caren, Alvaro Caicedo Arana, Olivier Sounigo, Xavier Argout, Gabriel Alvarado Alvarado & Roxana Yockteng (2019) Cacao Breeding in Colombia, Past, Present and Future. Breeding Science, no. 1999
Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Trinidad - ICTA (EQX) (No Date) List of the parentage of EQX accessions. Untitled manuscript, Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp.1.
Purdy, L.H., Dickstein, E.R. & Schmidt, R.A. (1998) Relative resistance of cacao clone to Crinipellis perniciosa determined by artificial inoculation using an automated basidiospore spray system. Agrotropica 10 (1): 9-12.
Ricardo Goenaga, Heber Irizarry & Brian Irish (2009) TARS Series of Cacao Germplasm Selections. HORTSCIENCE 44(3): 826-827
Cornejo, O.E., Muh-Ching Yee, Victor Dominguez, Mary Andrews, Alexandra Sockell, Erika Strandberg, Donald Livingstone III, Conrad Stack, Alberto Romero, Pathmanathan Umaharan, Stefan Royaert, Nilesh R. Tawari, Pauline Ng, Osman Gutierrez, Wilbert Phillips, Keithanne Mockaitis, Carlos D. Bustamante & Juan C. Motamayor (2018) Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process. Commun Biol 1, 167
Jaime A Osorio-Guarín, Jhon A Berdugo-Cely, Roberto A Coronado-Silva, Eliana Baez, Yeirme Jaimes, Roxana Yockteng (2020) Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Candidate Genes Associated with Productivity and Disease Resistance to Moniliophthora spp. in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 1713–1725
CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.
Almeida, C.M.V.C. de, Barriga, J.P., Machado, P.F.R. & Bartley, B.G.D. (1987) Evolucao do programa de conservacao dos recursos geneticos de cacau na Amazonia Brasileira. CEPLAC/DEPEA, Boletim Tecnico, Belem, Brasil 5: pp.108.
Mars Center for Cocoa Science (2012) Accession list for the Mars Center for Cocoa Science. Jean-Philippe Marelli, personal communication, February 2012.
Colombia - ICA Palmira (1990) List of clones held at ICA Palmira. F. Ocampo Rojas, ICA, Colombia.
Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Dominican Republic - CDC (1987) Informe de los trabajos de indentificacion clonal realizados por el Dr. B.G.Bartley durante su visita a la Estacion "Mata Larga". Unpublished of the Comision del Cacau, Dominican Republic. pp 14
EET - Pichilingue (2012) Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.
Philippe Lachenaud (2012) F. Guiana database, CIRAD-CP. Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.
CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.
Honduras - CEDEC (1994) List of accessions in CEDEC, La Masica, Honduras. J.A. Sanchez, FHIA, Honduras. Personal Communication.
Susilo, A. (2008) The list of germplasm collected by ICCRI. Personal communication from Agung Susilo, July 2008.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1990) List of clones held in the Dept. of Agriculture's collection, at Sabah, Tuaran, Malaysia. E.B. Tay, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Malaysia. Personal Communication.
Lopez-Baez, O., Cueto-Moreno, J. & Fraire-Vazquez, G. (1995) Progressos en el mejoramiento genetico del cacao Theobroma cacao L. en Mexico. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding Strategies, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. INGENIC, Reading, U.K. pp. 18-25.
Luis F. García Carrión (2009) Catalogo de Cultivares de Cacao del Peru.
CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
USDA, ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. (2016) List of cocoa accessions held at Mayaguez in April 2016. USDA-ARS GRIN-Global. [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
USDA-ARS, SHRS, NCGR, National Germplasm Repository, Miami, Florida, USA. (2010) List of cocoa accessions held at Miami and Coconut Grove (Plant Introduction Station) in July, 2010. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Perez, A.Z., Reyes, H.E. & Reyes, L.C. (1972) Programa de mejoramiento genetico de cacao en Venezuela. MAC, Caucagua, Venezuela, pp. 131.
Morera, J & Mora, A. (1990) Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Programa de Mejoramiento de Cultivos Tropicales, Turrialba, Costa Rica. 16 pp.
Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J. (1977) Mejoramiento genético para resistencia a cinco enfermedades del cacao. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Cocoa Research Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 1977. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 45-56.
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Morera, J. (1993) Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.
Lopez-Baez, O., Fraire, V.G. & Cueto, M.J. (1996) Mejoramiento genetico para la resistencia a Phytophthora en Mexico. Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Contribution of Disease Resistance to Cocoa Variety Improvement, INGENIC, Salvador, 24th-26th September, 1996. pp.51-55.
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora using the Paper Disc method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Lam, K.S. (1992) Performance of imported clones in Sime Darby Plantations. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Subali, S. (1992) MARDI's results on performance of imported primary cocoa clones. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Fonseca, S.E.A & Albuquerque, P.S.B. de (1996) Avaliacao de clones de cacau na Amazonia Brasileira em relaçao a incidencia de vassoura-de bruxa. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Cocoa Research Conference, Salvador, Brazil, 1996. Cocoa Producers' Alliance.
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. (1967) Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Malaysia - BAL Plantations (1991) Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Trinidad - CRU (1998) Fat Analysis Data. Data supplied on computer diskette by F. Bekele, CRU, Trinidad.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1970) A preliminary catalogue of the cacao germplasm held at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad. University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.
A. González & M. Ventura (2007) Autocompatibilidad Sexual de Clones de Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). In: Resultados de investigación en cacao. IDIAF, 2007