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GU 255 /V Group Name Theobroma cacao

French Guiana - CIRAD-CP (1994)
Morphological characteristics of the clones held at CIRAD Guyane. Data supplied to ICGD on computer diskette. Dr. Ph. Lachenaud, CIRAD Guyane.

Collected by Clement/Salle IRCC.
Location: Haut Camopi+Ecuador, French Guiana.

Lachenaud, 1993a [LAC93A]. Haut-Camopi material (See CAM 1, 3, 7, 9, 12) generally tall, Leaves - pigmented flushes, Fruit - heterogeneity in pod shape but usually green, clear basal constriction, obtuse apex, intermediate surface rugosity, prominent paired ridges.

Notes: French Guiana - CIRAD-CP, 1994 [GUY94A] GU 112-359 from French Guiana, GU 360-370 from Ecuador.

Some publications have erroneously omitted the GU code and list only the clone number and suffix, for example 269H = GU 269/H and N 123 = GU 123/N.

2 May 2002 Data collected on wild trees from which the GU material were collected as seed has been removed from the ICGD on the recommendation of Philippe Lachenaud (CIRAD-CP). The descriptors referred only to the wild material which was never cloned in genebanks and as such the presence of these data were believed to be misleading. All GU material was collected as seed and properly labelled material should include a letter suffix at the end of the name.

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NOTES

5 April 2002. Name new to the database from the France - CIRAD Montpellier database/accession list [MON02B].

RECOMMENDED PLANTING MATERIAL Disclaimer

Recommended Planting Material

Disclaimer
Recommendations for planting materials are made by the referenced authors for specific regions and growing conditions. They are provided here as a guide and historic record only. To confirm the most appropriate planting material for your needs and its availability, please contact your local cocoa authority.

Details on clones that are available for distribution and guidelines on the safe movement of cacao germplasm can be obtained from the International Cocoa Quarantine Centre, Reading

Sounigo, Olivier & Ives Bruno Efombagn Mousseni, 2012: Recommended seed parent in:
Cameroon; Seed Garden / Source: PSCC/IRAD; Female Parent in Seed Garden with: IMC 60 | UPA 143 | UPA 337 | PA 70 [PER] | BBK 726 | P 7 [POU] | PA 7 [PER] | GU 144 /C | IMC 67 | PA 107 [PER] | PA 150 [PER] | SCA 12 | SCA 6 | SCA 24 | T 60 /887 [POS] | T 79 /501 [POS] | UPA 134 | SNK 630 | ICS 84 | SNK 15 | SNK 413 | SNK 64 | SNK 608 | SNK 620 | TIKO 32 | BBK 1016 | BBK 109; Recommended by: Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Cameroon; Status: current; Reference

Reference

Sounigo, Olivier & Ives Bruno Efombagn Mousseni 2012
Cocoa Improvement and Variety Delivery Effort in Cameroon. INGENIC Seventh Workshop: Cocoa Variety Development and the Supply of Planting Materials to Farmers. 21st - 22nd October 2012
Recommended material

COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: R. Camopi, Haut Camopi, French Guiana (primary forest)

Date: 9 May 1987

Coordinates: 53°13'15" W, 2°21'18" N

Material collected: Seed

Notes: Montagne Cacao. same tree as #254

Expedition Code: 87GU

Sallee, B., 1987

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Parents:: GU 255 x Unknown

GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

Cornejo, O.E. et al., 2018

Reference

BioProject: PRJNA486011 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Project: PRJEB28591 EVA (project) EVA (analysis)

Library Source: Genomic

Run: SRR7774266 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Experiment: SRX4629558

BioSample: SAMN09934448

SampleName: GU255_V

SampleSource: Costa Rica, Tree_ID: 17425

HELD IN

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United Kingdom, International Cocoa Quarantine Centre, Reading (ICQC,R): Current List ICQC,R Website; • Accession: RUQ 1549 ICQC,R; - Local Name: GU 255/V; - Year of Accession: 2005
Costa Rica, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE): List received in 2018 Reference

Reference

Allan Mata 2018
Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Notes

Excel file received by email.; • Accession: 21874; - Local Name: GU 255-V; - Year of Accession: 2004
France, CIRAD (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Researche Agronomique pour le Développment): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

Philippe Lachenaud 2012
CIRAD Montpellier Clone List (Excel Spreadsheet). Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.; • Local Name: GU 255 V; - Year of Accession: 1987
French Guiana, CIRAD (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Researche Agronomique pour le Développment): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

Philippe Lachenaud 2012
F. Guiana database, CIRAD-CP. Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.; • Local Name: GU 255 V
Ghana, Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

CRIG 2012
Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: GU225V

DISEASE

Phytophthora: Resistant, sp. P. megakarya (Leaf Disc Test).; Note: Mean of lesion score = 1.11. Population Camopi 1; Paulin, D. et al., 2008

Reference

Paulin, D., Ducamp, M. & Lachenaud, P. 2008
New sources of resistance to Phytophthora megakarya identified in wild cocoa tree populations of French Guiana. Crop Protection. 27: pp 1143–1147.
Notes

Phytophthora megakarya inoculation used strain NS269 isolated from a pod harvested in West Province, Cameroon (village of Fako). This strain is of mating type A1.

Disease

YIELD

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Pod Index: 37.1 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BEAN

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: dark purple; Shape: oblong; Number: 35.0; Total Wet Weight: 43.4 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.77 g; Cotyledon Length: 19.2 mm; Cotyledon Width: 11.5 mm; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BUTTERFAT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Testa: 6.50 %; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FRUIT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Shape: oblong; Basal Constriction: slight; Apex Form: obtuse; Rugosity: intense; Length: 156.0 mm; Breadth: 80.0 mm; Colour: anthocyanin absent; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

PHENOTYPING

Fiona Lahive, 2017: Accession: RUQ 1549; Light Saturated Photosynthetic Rate: 2.88 μmol m² s^-1; Stomatal Conductance: 0.06 mol m² s^-1; Transpiration Rate: 0.81 mmol m² s^-1; Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency: 59.46 μmol mol^-1; Instantaneous Water Use Efficiency: 3.97 mmol mol^-1; Flush Size: 7; Leaf Area: 250.10 cm²; Leaf Dry Weight: 1.88 g; Specific Leaf Area: 132.80 cm² g^-1; Reference

Reference

Fiona Lahive 2017
Phenotypic data from climate change trials. Personal communication.
Notes

Data for single trees in ICQC,R. Each value is a mean of 2 time points with 6 leaves per tree (12 measurements), except flush size, which was 2 branches per tree (4 measurements).

Phenotyping

FLUSH

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: moderate anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLOWER

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin; Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent; Sepal Length: 6.41 mm; Ligule Width: 2.05 mm; Ovule Number: 39; Style Length: 1.58 mm; Pedicel Colour: red; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

REFERENCES

French Guiana - CIRAD-CP (1994) Morphological characteristics of the clones held at CIRAD Guyane. Data supplied to ICGD on computer diskette. Dr. Ph. Lachenaud, CIRAD Guyane.

Sounigo, Olivier & Ives Bruno Efombagn Mousseni (2012) Cocoa Improvement and Variety Delivery Effort in Cameroon. INGENIC Seventh Workshop: Cocoa Variety Development and the Supply of Planting Materials to Farmers. 21st - 22nd October 2012

Sallee, B. (1987) Compte rendu de prospection dans les populations naturelles de Theobroma cacao L. du Haut Camopi (Guyane Francais) 14/4 au 12/5/87. Unpublished report, IRCC/CIRAD, 97387 Kourou, Guyane, pp. 45.

Cornejo, O.E., Muh-Ching Yee, Victor Dominguez, Mary Andrews, Alexandra Sockell, Erika Strandberg, Donald Livingstone III, Conrad Stack, Alberto Romero, Pathmanathan Umaharan, Stefan Royaert, Nilesh R. Tawari, Pauline Ng, Osman Gutierrez, Wilbert Phillips, Keithanne Mockaitis, Carlos D. Bustamante & Juan C. Motamayor (2018) Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process. Commun Biol 1, 167

Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.

Philippe Lachenaud (2012) CIRAD Montpellier Clone List (Excel Spreadsheet). Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.

Philippe Lachenaud (2012) F. Guiana database, CIRAD-CP. Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.

CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.

Paulin, D., Ducamp, M. & Lachenaud, P. (2008) New sources of resistance to Phytophthora megakarya identified in wild cocoa tree populations of French Guiana. Crop Protection. 27: pp 1143–1147.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.

Fiona Lahive (2017) Phenotypic data from climate change trials. Personal communication.