Search Results

NACIONAL    Theobroma cacao

 Pound, F.J. (1945)
A note on the cocoa population of South America. In: Report and Proceedings of the 1945 Cocoa Conference, pp. 131-133.

Location: Ecuador.

Pound, 1938a [POU38A]. Habit - large vigorous trees. Fruit - long, oval, very warty, slightly bottle necked pods with a somewhat glassy surface. Seed - plump and pale in colour.

Notes:  Type of cocoa.

Pound, 1938a [POU38A]. Probably indigenous to Ecuador since wild trees have been found in Ecuador's virgin forest, some of which appeared to be hundreds of years old. Alternative theory is that Nacional cocoa was introduced from the Amazon valley by monkeys or the Incas. However, this seems unlikely since seeds would have had to be transported over the Sierra 11,000 feet high and the Incas are thought to have moved Northwards from Peru and not from the Ecuadorian Oriente. "Nacional" cocoa does occur in the Amazon foothills of the Andes but the wild cocoa in the valley proper belongs to a totally different type.

Early cocoa plantations established from wild cocoa found growing along river banks and the cocoa type became known as 'Nacional'.

In the 1920-1930 decade Nacional cocoa was found to be very susceptible to Witches' Broom.

A possible source of confusion is that some Ecuadorian farmers referred to the "Nacional" type as "criollo" (= local material). They used the name "nacional" for the previously introduced varieties and their descendants, to distinguish them from other more recent introductions. This source of confusion may have already existed when the material was taken to Central America.
 

 PEDIGREE DETAILS

 Mother to:
CC 258    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CC 259    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CC 260    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CC 261    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CC 262    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
CC 263    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
EET 1 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 10 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 100 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 101 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 103 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 103 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
EET 105 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 114 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 118 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 119 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 122 [ECU] 
EET 141 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 142 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 143 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 144 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 145 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 147 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 148 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 15 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 151 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 152 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 153 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 154 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 155 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 156 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 158 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 158 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 159 [ECU] 
EET 161 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 162 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 164 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 165 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 166 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 167 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 170 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 171 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 172 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 173 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 178 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 18 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 182 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 183 [ECU] 
EET 183 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 185 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 185 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 186 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 187 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 19 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
EET 190 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 191 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 192 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 194 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 195 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 196 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 197 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 198 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 2 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 20 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 200 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 209 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 21 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 212 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 213 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 214 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 221 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 228 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 234 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 238 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 24 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 25 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 26 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 262 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 299 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 306 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 31 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 322 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 33 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 40 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 45 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 46 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 47 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 48 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
EET 49 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 53 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 57 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 57 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 58 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 59 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 59 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
EET 60 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 62 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
EET 64 [ECU]    Lockwood, G., 1973
EET 66 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 74 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 81 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 86 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 87 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 90 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994
EET 91 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 95 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 95 [ECU]    Lockwood, G., 1973
EET 96 [ECU]    Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
MT 22 {HND]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
UF 29    Morera, J., 1992
UF 705    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
UF 712    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
UF 713    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
UF 714    Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981
 Father to:
EET 118 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 323 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 324 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 5 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1994

 HELD IN

List received in 2016   Reference
• Accession: TARS 6121     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: TARS 6121
   - Year of Accession: 1939

Pound, F.J. (1945) A note on the cocoa population of South America. In: Report and Proceedings of the 1945 Cocoa Conference, pp. 131-133.
Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Ecuador - Pichilingue (1987) Nomina de clones y numero de plantas existentes en la coleccion internacional de germoplasma de cacao, EET, Pichilingue. Unpublished report, E.E.T. Pichilingue, Ecuador. pp. 18.
Ecuador - Pichilingue (1994) Nomina de clones de cacao. Unpublished report, E.E.T. Pichilingue, Ecuador, pp. 13.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1983) Report of consultancy visit to Cocoa Research Unit, UWI, Trinidad Nov.-Dec. 1983. Unpublished Report.
Lockwood, G. (1973) Report on a visit to cocoa centres in the USA, the Caribbean and Latin America for acquisition of germplasm with particular reference to cocoa swollen shoot disease. Unpublished report, British Research Team, Cocoa Research Institite, Ghana. pp. 23.
Morera, J. (1992) Registro Internacional de Cultivares de Cacao. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Computer printout.
USDA, ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. (2016) List of cocoa accessions held at Mayaguez in April 2016. USDA-ARS GRIN-Global. [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.